滚动:等待74年终承大统,温莎王朝进入查尔斯三世时代
等待74年终承大统,温莎王朝进入查尔斯三世时代
Danica Kirka, 美联社 2023-04-29 公众将会看到一位力图收缩君主制规模的新君主。 2022年9月19日,英国伦敦市中心威斯敏斯特教堂外,伊丽莎白二世女王的国葬仪式结束后,国王查尔斯三世在离开时向民众致意。图片来源:MARTIN MEISSNER—AP IMAGES自即位以来,查尔斯三世一直马不停蹄,四处奔忙,颇有一种“时不我待”之感。
等待近74年之后,查尔斯三世终于在2022年登上英格兰王位,登基后的前六个月,他奔走全国各地,一边与宗教领袖会面,一边调整王室住所,并进行了首次海外国事访问,还邀请了包括英格兰足球队教练在内的宾客在温莎城堡(Windsor Castle)过夜。
然后就爆出了那条大新闻:国王已经向调查王室与奴隶制联系的研究人员开放了皇家档案。
(资料图片仅供参考)
“变成查尔斯国王的查尔斯王子已经让人感觉不太习惯,在我们眼中,他还是过去那个查尔斯王子,所以我们也还在那样称呼他。”王室历史学家罗伯特·莱西调侃道,“但实际上,他进入‘君主’角色的速度比大家预期的要快上许多。”
在距离加冕典礼只有几周时间的当下,查尔斯三世和白金汉宫(Buckingham Palace)的团队正在以最快的速度工作,只为展示新国王的风采。公众将会看到一位力图收缩君主制规模的新君主,认识到在英国这样一个现代化的多文化国家中,君主制仍然有其存在意义。过去,对君主制的批评在英国一直不绝于耳,只是出于对伊丽莎白女王的崇敬之情,才在她在位的70年中变得柔和一些。
母仪天下的伊丽莎白二世已然故去,一位更接地气的君主已经向英国走来。在母亲逝世后的演讲中,查尔斯三世眼含热泪,在北爱尔兰为一本书签名时,他又因为钢笔漏水而向世人展示了一番自己的“小脾气”。这个插曲给民众带去了不少欢乐。现在,为应对需要签名的紧急情况,国王会随身带着自己的钢笔。
在经过鞠躬行礼的臣民时,伊丽莎白总是款款而行,处处透露着王室的威严,而查尔斯国王在造访位于伦敦西北部约50公里的卢顿的古尔德瓦拉庙(即锡克教礼拜堂)时,则是与众人席地而坐。在首次国事访问中,查尔斯用德英双语向德国议会发表了演讲,在两种语言间切换自如,还能够准确发出小舌音。
这次演讲给德国人留下了深刻印象,也让英国人大吃一惊。谁知道国王竟然还会说德语?
这就好像一直被嘲笑得灰头土脸的查尔斯才刚刚进入大家视野一样。透过这些极其微妙的细节,他的个性开始浮现,例如不断变化的口袋方巾就给他保守的着装增添了一抹色彩。
《兄弟之战:英国王室的内部纷争》(Battle of Brothers: William & Harry and the Inside Story of Family in Tumult)的作者莱西说:“作为一位优点、缺点同样鲜明的君主,查尔斯日益成为大家热议的话题。”
“我想说的是,未来也许大家会像关注女王用哪只手提包一样关注他佩戴哪块口袋方巾。”
查尔斯之所以如此着急开始工作,原因之一就是他知道自己不会有太多时间给大英帝国留下自己的印记。
在柏林总统府举行的正装晚宴上,等了一辈子才当上国王的查尔斯对时光流逝也小有感慨,他说,希望自己和卡米拉可以活到他们刚种下的小树苗长成参天大树的那一天,这样他们还能够回来看看。
但眼前尚有许多难题等待他来解决,有些与历史有关,有些则牵扯到王室家族。
查尔斯希望通过支持研究人员调查王室与奴隶制的联系来解决历史问题,但有些人认为这样还不够。
劳拉·特里维廉的祖先曾经在格林纳达岛奴役过至少1,000名奴隶,她说,国王应该效仿她家族的做法,并向受害者道歉。
她在接受《伦敦时报》(Times of London)采访时表示:“我希望国王可以拿出一部分王室从奴隶贸易中积累的财富,用于改善英国及加勒比地区的奴隶后代的生活条件。”
然后是王室的问题。
首当其冲的就是来自哈里王子的批评。在回忆录《后备人选》(Spare)一书中,哈里王子写道,母亲戴安娜王妃去世之后,他的内心十分挣扎,后来王室不愿意接受他身为混血美国人的妻子也让他十分苦恼,而在此过程中,身为父亲的查尔斯一直对自己不闻不问,袖手旁观。
王室历史学家、《加冕:伊丽莎白二世荣登大位》(Coronation: The Crowning of Elizabeth II)一书的作者雨果·维克斯称,这位新国王的登基就像是在大多数人已经退休的年纪被任命为一家跨国公司的董事长。在这个岗位上,他除了要管理王室、调解家族纷争,还要处理宗教、武装部队和政治等方面的难题。
在谈及11月就将年满75岁的查尔斯时,维克斯说:“到了这个年纪,接手如此重任不是小事,难怪他会显得这么着急了。”
但从另一个角度看,查尔斯的长期“学徒”生涯可能也是一个优势,相较于25岁登基的母亲,他接受过更多的训练,也有更多的经验可以借鉴。
和之前所有的英国君主一样,伊丽莎白接受的也是家庭教师的教育,而查尔斯则不同,他在不到8岁就被送入位于伦敦的希尔豪斯学校(Hill House School),开始体验王宫之外的世界。
理查·汤恩德是希尔豪斯学校创始人的儿子,也是查尔斯在该校的同龄人。
汤恩德表示,他的父亲之所以创建这所学校,是为了解决其在从军时看到的问题,他父亲认为,如果孩子们对其他文化多加了解,就更不容易发动战争。
汤恩德说:“我父亲想创办的是一所在当时‘与众不同’的学校,有一半学生来自英国以外的其他国家,让不同国籍、不同民族、不同肤色、不同种族、不同信仰的孩子们学会如何和谐相处。”
“他热切地感到,如果孩子们能够学会彼此和平相处,那么世界就将变得更加美好。”
查尔斯最终获得了剑桥大学(University of Cambridge)的历史学学位,在皇家海军(Royal Navy)服役六年后,他开始专心履行自己作为王储的职责。
作为威尔士亲王,查尔斯创办了多家慈善机构,包括一家专门帮助年轻人获取工作、教育和培训机会的机构。他还创办了一家有机食品公司,在城市规划领域也有所涉足。查尔斯也是最早投身环境保护事业的人士之一。
话虽如此,在他游说政府部长并公开反对那些他认为威胁到英国历史建筑的项目时,还是引起了人们的不满,大家认为他违反了王室成员不得干预政治的规定。
但查尔斯一生最大的争议还是他与戴安娜王妃的婚变,当时他与卡米拉·帕克·鲍尔斯长期保持着不当关系(后者日后成了他的第二任妻子)。许多人仍然记得查尔斯承认通奸的场景,也记得那卷泄露了查尔斯和卡米拉之间亲密谈话的磁带,其中包括一段他把自己比作卫生棉条的内容。
查尔斯花了多年时间才摆脱第一次婚姻失败造成的负面影响,许多人也迟迟无法接受卡米拉。
在《后备人选》中,哈里痛苦地写下了王室为恢复卡米拉形象所做的努力,认为王室为塑造王室长辈的光辉形象,不惜向媒体泄漏有关他的不实丑闻。
随着时间推移,卡米拉凭借其在慈善领域的工作、幽默感和朴实的风格赢得了公众的爱戴,也从破坏别人家庭的第三者变成了如今的英国王后。
她将在威斯敏斯特教堂(Westminster Abbey)与丈夫查尔斯一起接受加冕。
Netflix的电视剧《王冠》(The Crown)的历史顾问莱西说:“查尔斯是个经历过风雨的男人”。
“尽管有过很多问题,但他仍然颇受民众爱戴。大家欣赏他的优点,也接纳他的不足。作为一个人,他拥有丰满的性格,这也是个人代表君主制的意义所在。”(财富中文网)
译者:梁宇
审校:夏林
自即位以来,查尔斯三世一直马不停蹄,四处奔忙,颇有一种“时不我待”之感。
等待近74年之后,查尔斯三世终于在2022年登上英格兰王位,登基后的前六个月,他奔走全国各地,一边与宗教领袖会面,一边调整王室住所,并进行了首次海外国事访问,还邀请了包括英格兰足球队教练在内的宾客在温莎城堡(Windsor Castle)过夜。
然后就爆出了那条大新闻:国王已经向调查王室与奴隶制联系的研究人员开放了皇家档案。
“变成查尔斯国王的查尔斯王子已经让人感觉不太习惯,在我们眼中,他还是过去那个查尔斯王子,所以我们也还在那样称呼他。”王室历史学家罗伯特·莱西调侃道,“但实际上,他进入‘君主’角色的速度比大家预期的要快上许多。”
在距离加冕典礼只有几周时间的当下,查尔斯三世和白金汉宫(Buckingham Palace)的团队正在以最快的速度工作,只为展示新国王的风采。公众将会看到一位力图收缩君主制规模的新君主,认识到在英国这样一个现代化的多文化国家中,君主制仍然有其存在意义。过去,对君主制的批评在英国一直不绝于耳,只是出于对伊丽莎白女王的崇敬之情,才在她在位的70年中变得柔和一些。
母仪天下的伊丽莎白二世已然故去,一位更接地气的君主已经向英国走来。在母亲逝世后的演讲中,查尔斯三世眼含热泪,在北爱尔兰为一本书签名时,他又因为钢笔漏水而向世人展示了一番自己的“小脾气”。这个插曲给民众带去了不少欢乐。现在,为应对需要签名的紧急情况,国王会随身带着自己的钢笔。
在经过鞠躬行礼的臣民时,伊丽莎白总是款款而行,处处透露着王室的威严,而查尔斯国王在造访位于伦敦西北部约50公里的卢顿的古尔德瓦拉庙(即锡克教礼拜堂)时,则是与众人席地而坐。在首次国事访问中,查尔斯用德英双语向德国议会发表了演讲,在两种语言间切换自如,还能够准确发出小舌音。
这次演讲给德国人留下了深刻印象,也让英国人大吃一惊。谁知道国王竟然还会说德语?
这就好像一直被嘲笑得灰头土脸的查尔斯才刚刚进入大家视野一样。透过这些极其微妙的细节,他的个性开始浮现,例如不断变化的口袋方巾就给他保守的着装增添了一抹色彩。
《兄弟之战:英国王室的内部纷争》(Battle of Brothers: William & Harry and the Inside Story of Family in Tumult)的作者莱西说:“作为一位优点、缺点同样鲜明的君主,查尔斯日益成为大家热议的话题。”
“我想说的是,未来也许大家会像关注女王用哪只手提包一样关注他佩戴哪块口袋方巾。”
查尔斯之所以如此着急开始工作,原因之一就是他知道自己不会有太多时间给大英帝国留下自己的印记。
在柏林总统府举行的正装晚宴上,等了一辈子才当上国王的查尔斯对时光流逝也小有感慨,他说,希望自己和卡米拉可以活到他们刚种下的小树苗长成参天大树的那一天,这样他们还能够回来看看。
但眼前尚有许多难题等待他来解决,有些与历史有关,有些则牵扯到王室家族。
查尔斯希望通过支持研究人员调查王室与奴隶制的联系来解决历史问题,但有些人认为这样还不够。
劳拉·特里维廉的祖先曾经在格林纳达岛奴役过至少1,000名奴隶,她说,国王应该效仿她家族的做法,并向受害者道歉。
她在接受《伦敦时报》(Times of London)采访时表示:“我希望国王可以拿出一部分王室从奴隶贸易中积累的财富,用于改善英国及加勒比地区的奴隶后代的生活条件。”
然后是王室的问题。
首当其冲的就是来自哈里王子的批评。在回忆录《后备人选》(Spare)一书中,哈里王子写道,母亲戴安娜王妃去世之后,他的内心十分挣扎,后来王室不愿意接受他身为混血美国人的妻子也让他十分苦恼,而在此过程中,身为父亲的查尔斯一直对自己不闻不问,袖手旁观。
王室历史学家、《加冕:伊丽莎白二世荣登大位》(Coronation: The Crowning of Elizabeth II)一书的作者雨果·维克斯称,这位新国王的登基就像是在大多数人已经退休的年纪被任命为一家跨国公司的董事长。在这个岗位上,他除了要管理王室、调解家族纷争,还要处理宗教、武装部队和政治等方面的难题。
在谈及11月就将年满75岁的查尔斯时,维克斯说:“到了这个年纪,接手如此重任不是小事,难怪他会显得这么着急了。”
但从另一个角度看,查尔斯的长期“学徒”生涯可能也是一个优势,相较于25岁登基的母亲,他接受过更多的训练,也有更多的经验可以借鉴。
和之前所有的英国君主一样,伊丽莎白接受的也是家庭教师的教育,而查尔斯则不同,他在不到8岁就被送入位于伦敦的希尔豪斯学校(Hill House School),开始体验王宫之外的世界。
理查·汤恩德是希尔豪斯学校创始人的儿子,也是查尔斯在该校的同龄人。
汤恩德表示,他的父亲之所以创建这所学校,是为了解决其在从军时看到的问题,他父亲认为,如果孩子们对其他文化多加了解,就更不容易发动战争。
汤恩德说:“我父亲想创办的是一所在当时‘与众不同’的学校,有一半学生来自英国以外的其他国家,让不同国籍、不同民族、不同肤色、不同种族、不同信仰的孩子们学会如何和谐相处。”
“他热切地感到,如果孩子们能够学会彼此和平相处,那么世界就将变得更加美好。”
查尔斯最终获得了剑桥大学(University of Cambridge)的历史学学位,在皇家海军(Royal Navy)服役六年后,他开始专心履行自己作为王储的职责。
作为威尔士亲王,查尔斯创办了多家慈善机构,包括一家专门帮助年轻人获取工作、教育和培训机会的机构。他还创办了一家有机食品公司,在城市规划领域也有所涉足。查尔斯也是最早投身环境保护事业的人士之一。
话虽如此,在他游说政府部长并公开反对那些他认为威胁到英国历史建筑的项目时,还是引起了人们的不满,大家认为他违反了王室成员不得干预政治的规定。
但查尔斯一生最大的争议还是他与戴安娜王妃的婚变,当时他与卡米拉·帕克·鲍尔斯长期保持着不当关系(后者日后成了他的第二任妻子)。许多人仍然记得查尔斯承认通奸的场景,也记得那卷泄露了查尔斯和卡米拉之间亲密谈话的磁带,其中包括一段他把自己比作卫生棉条的内容。
查尔斯花了多年时间才摆脱第一次婚姻失败造成的负面影响,许多人也迟迟无法接受卡米拉。
在《后备人选》中,哈里痛苦地写下了王室为恢复卡米拉形象所做的努力,认为王室为塑造王室长辈的光辉形象,不惜向媒体泄漏有关他的不实丑闻。
随着时间推移,卡米拉凭借其在慈善领域的工作、幽默感和朴实的风格赢得了公众的爱戴,也从破坏别人家庭的第三者变成了如今的英国王后。
她将在威斯敏斯特教堂(Westminster Abbey)与丈夫查尔斯一起接受加冕。
Netflix的电视剧《王冠》(The Crown)的历史顾问莱西说:“查尔斯是个经历过风雨的男人”。
“尽管有过很多问题,但他仍然颇受民众爱戴。大家欣赏他的优点,也接纳他的不足。作为一个人,他拥有丰满的性格,这也是个人代表君主制的意义所在。”(财富中文网)
译者:梁宇
审校:夏林
King Charles III is a man in a hurry.
After waiting nearly 74 years to become king, Charles has used his first six months on the throne to meet faith leaders across the country, reshuffle royal residences, stage his first overseas state visit and hold a sleepover at Windsor Castle that included the coach of the England soccer team.
Then there was the big news: He opened the royal archives to researchers investigating the crown’s links to slavery.
“We are already surprised by the Prince Charles who was turned into King Charles and who we still call Prince Charles, because that’s how we think of him,” quipped royal historian Robert Lacey. “But, actually, he’s become a monarch quicker than people expected.”
With the coronation just weeks away, Charles and the Buckingham Palace machine are working at top speed to show the new king at work. And the public is seeing a new kind of sovereign as he tries to slim down the monarchy and show that it is still relevant in a modern, multi-cultural nation where reverence for Queen Elizabeth II muted criticism during her 70 years on the throne.
Out is the matronly decorum that characterized Elizabeth’s reign. In is a more human monarch, who held back tears as he addressed the nation after his mother’s death and threw a mini-tantrum when a pen leaked on his fingers while signing a book in Northern Ireland. The public had a good laugh. The king now carries his own pen for signing emergencies.
While Elizabeth progressed grandly through meetings with subjects who bowed and curtseyed before her, King Charles sat on the floor with the congregation during a visit to a gurdwara, or Sikh house of worship, in Luton, some 30 miles (50 kilometers) northwest of London. On his first state visit, he displayed an ability to properly roll his R’s while flipping between German and English in a speech to the Bundestag, the German parliament.
Germans were impressed. Britons were surprised. Who knew he could speak German?
It’s as if Charles, long derided as gray and stiff, has just stepped into the room. With extreme subtlety, his personality is starting to show, such as with the ever-changing pocket squares that give a dash of color to his conservative suits.
“Charles, the monarch, with his faults and virtues, has become a subject of more genuine interest,” said Lacey, the author of “Battle of Brothers: William & Harry and the Inside Story of Family in Tumult.”
“I mean, what pocket handkerchief is he going to wear? Maybe this will become the equivalent of the queen’s handbag.”
One reason Charles is so eager to get started may be because he knows he won’t have much time to make his mark.
The man who waited a lifetime to be king alluded to the march of time during a white tie dinner at the presidential palace in Berlin, saying he hoped he and Camilla would “live long enough’’ to return to see the sapling they had just planted grow into a tree.
But there are speed bumps on the horizon, some linked to history, others to family.
Charles tried to get ahead of the history question by promising openness about the crown’s links to slavery, but some think that commitment fell short.
Laura Trevelyan, whose ancestors enslaved at least 1,000 people on the island of Grenada, says the king should do what her family did and apologize.
“I hope that he will use some of the wealth that the royal family accumulated from the slave trade to better the lives of people in the Caribbean and in Britain who are descendants of the enslaved,” she told the Times of London.
Then there is family.
Charles continues to fend off criticism from Prince Harry, whose memoir “Spare” painted his father as distant and unsympathetic toward a son who struggled with the death of his mother, Princess Diana, and then had to fight for the royal family to accept his wife, Meghan, a biracial American.
Hugo Vickers, a royal historian and author of “Coronation: The Crowning of Elizabeth II,” compared the new king’s accession to the throne with being named chairman of a global corporation at a time when most people have retired. It’s a job where he will face questions of religion, the armed forces and politics, in addition to running the royal household and mediating family feuds.
“It’s a big thing to take on at that age,” Vickers said of Charles, who turns 75 in November. “So, yes, I suspect he’s a man in a hurry.”
But on another level, Charles’ long apprenticeship may also be an advantage, giving him more training and experiences to draw upon than his mother, who was just 25 when she became queen.
While Elizabeth, like all British monarchs before her, was educated by tutors, Charles was bundled off to Hill House School in London just shy of age 8 to begin experiencing the world outside the palace.
Richard Townend, the son of the school’s founder, was a contemporary of Charles’ at Hill House.
Townend said his father created the school as an antidote to what he had seen as a soldier, thinking that children who learned about other cultures would be less likely to wage war as adults.
“What he wanted to do was to make a school, which was quite unlike other schools at the time, in which half the children were not English,” Townend said. “They came from all over the world, so the children would learn to live with each other, different nationalities, different people, different colors, different races, different religions.”
“He felt passionately that if children learned to live in peace with each other, then the world could only get better.”
Charles eventually earned a degree in history from the University of Cambridge and spent six years in the Royal Navy before leaving to focus on his duties as heir to the throne.
As Prince of Wales he founded charities, including one that helps young people get jobs, education and training. He started an organic food company and dabbled in urban planning. Charles was also an early advocate for conservation and environmental protection.
That said, he ruffled feathers when he lobbied government ministers and spoke out against projects he thought threatened Britain’s historic architecture, drawing complaints that he had violated the prohibition against royals intervening in politics.
But the biggest controversy of Charles’ life was the breakdown of his marriage to Princess Diana amid stories about his long-time relationship with the woman who would become his second wife, Camilla Parker-Bowles. Many people still remember Charles’ admission of adultery and the leaked tapes of intimate conversations between Charles and Camilla, including one in which he compared himself to a tampon.
It took Charles years to shake off the failure of his first marriage, and many people were slow to accept Camilla.
In “Spare,” Harry wrote bitterly of the palace’s effort to rehabilitate Camilla’s image, suggesting that unflattering and untrue stories about him were leaked to the media in exchange for more glowing portraits of the senior royals.
Over time, Camilla’s charity work, her sense of humor and down-to-earth style won over the public, and she moved from being home wrecker to queen.
She will be crowned alongside her husband at Westminster Abbey.
“This is a man who has overcome problems and hurdles,” said Lacey, the historical consultant to the Netflix series “The Crown.”
“He’s loved despite the problems that he’s been through. He’s loved for his mistakes as well as for his virtues. We’re getting a rounded figure, and that’s what a personal represented monarchy is all about.”